Book "Unforgettable Iran". Chapter 12

25 December 2012 Travel time: with 01 July 2011 on 01 October 2011
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My fastest hitchhiking

From Kish Island, I took a ferry to Bandar Charak, and then continued on to Bandar Abbas, where I decided to stay with my friend Daniel for a few days. On the day of departure, his father offered to take me to the highway 30 kilometers from the city, from where it was easy to leave for Bam (“Bam” in Farsi is pronounced with a long vowel “a”). At parting, we hugged tightly and wished each other health and happiness. I walked a few meters ahead along the road and mechanically waved my hand to a passing car, which immediately stopped.

- Ma n mikha m be Baa m bera m, majoni. Man pu le ka fi nadora m. (I want to go to Bam, for free, I don't have enough money).

The driver nodded and invited me into the car, saying that he was going to some city 150 km from Bendery. This was my fastest hitchhiking of the whole trip.


All the way the driver talked enthusiastically and looked at my photos, and on arrival for some reason asked me to pay for the fare, despite my initial request to give me a ride for free.

- Man pul nadora m (no money), - I said confidently.

- Bullet, bullet, - the driver insisted, showing a gesture with his fingers, as if we were counting banknotes.

But I was determined not to pay. Then the Iranian suddenly smiled, patted me on the shoulder and wished me a good ride. From the sharp change in his mood, I thought that from the very beginning he was counting on “taarof”, when, out of politeness, he could not refuse to give me a lift for free, but he did not at all assume that I really was not going to pay. Realizing that I was a foreigner and might not know about these rules, the driver began to help and explain the way to me.

Following his advice, first it was necessary to call in Kerman (500 km), and then in Bam (200 km).

I knew that there was a direct road from Bandar Abbas to Bam, to which Danielle's father was supposed to bring me to the exit, and, of course, I did not understand why it was necessary to make a detour of 300 km. However, the Iranian clucked at my objections and repeated: “Kerman”. By that time, I already used a GPS navigator and Yandex Maps, but only the main highways were indicated in this program, and my road was not on the map, so I did not know which route we were driving. Everything became clear when they showed me a paper map, it turned out that I left Bender on the wrong road. After this incident, I downloaded Google Maps, which turned out to be more detailed and detailed, and continued to use them throughout my journey.

After changing several cars, I arrived in Kerman only at nine in the evening.


Since this was the next city I wanted to visit, I already had the phone numbers of people I planned to stay with. But to my disappointment, those whom I could reach on the phone left the city and could not invite me. Then I called my friend Ali in Bam and confirmed that I would try to leave on any bus that night. I began to ask taxi drivers how to get to the terminal, and an Iranian standing next to me with a friend offered to take me to the terminal in their car.

- Cha nd bullet mishe? (how much money does it cost? ), - I clarified.

- Magjoni, majoni (free) - they waved their hands.

Once in the car, I explained that I had arrived in Kerman for the first time and was on my way to Bam. We quickly reached the terminal, where we found the right bus, which departed five minutes later towards Iransha hr via Bam. The ticket offices were closed and tickets had to be bought on the bus.

My new acquaintances helped me bargain with the driver, and in the end I got a ticket for $2 instead of $3.5.

In the meantime, Ali from Bam called me and told me that today the city is hosting a festival of dates, which presents dates and ratta b from all provinces of Iran - Kermanshah, Bushehr, Bandar Abbas, Kerman. This event takes place annually at the end of the Iranian summer, on the last day of the month of Shahrivar (September 22). Unfortunately, I never managed to get on it, since my bus arrived in Bam only at half past one in the night.

Bam Fortress and what is left of it

My friend Ali studied at the university in Bam and got permission to invite me to spend the night in a student hostel, he asked a lot about travel and in the end said that hitchhiking does not exist in Iran, at least for Iranians.

“But if I see a pickup truck, I always try to stop it and get into the back, drivers don’t take money for this, knowing that I’m a student, ” Ali said and immediately demonstrated his ability to stop cars. He ran out in front of the pickup truck into the middle of the road, gesticulating vigorously and indicating that he wanted to get into the back. If I had been driving, I would have hit such a hitchhiker with something heavy for such a forced stop, but the pickup driver only smiled and motioned to jump into the back.


So we started our sightseeing tour of the city. Bam was badly damaged by an earthquake in 2003, when more than thirty thousand people died and up to 80% of all buildings were destroyed. Such catastrophic destruction was caused by the fact that the city consisted mainly of adobe houses, which were built without observing the rules for building houses in seismically active areas.

After the earthquake, houses in Bam began to be built “correctly” - first a metal frame is installed, and then the space is filled with blocks. From this, new buildings become safer, although very similar to each other. In the courtyard, as a rule, a garden with date trees is laid out.

The city is home to the Bam fortress (Arg e Bam), which has always been considered the pearl of Iran, and besides, it is the world's largest adobe building. The fortress was built in the VI-IV centuries. d. n. e. on the site of the Silk Road and was thoroughly destroyed by the 2003 earthquake. Since then, it has been gradually restored by specialists. The level of destruction can be assessed on the website of the International Center for Earthquake Reconstruction (http://www. earth-aur... bam_iran_en. php). They say that the work is progressing slowly due to the fact that they are trying to reconstruct all the buildings using old technologies.

I was also told many times that the restoration of the fortress is of particular importance for the inhabitants of Bam, its restoration is a symbol of steadfastness and self-confidence, hope for the future for those who lost everything after the disaster, at least I heard such an explanation from different people.

Entrance to the fortress was free, but the man in the booth carefully wrote down my last name and, more importantly, the country I came from. UNESCO banners hung in front of the complex with photographs of the destruction and plans for restoration work being prepared. Bam Fortress and its cultural landscape were listed as World Heritage Sites only after the earthquake.

Before the catastrophe, many buildings around the citadel were already in ruins, but now the main buildings that survived before that were completely destroyed: the bazaar, barracks, gymnasium, stables, the Sarjuk house, the tea house.


And, of course, the Citadel suffered the most, presenting itself as an integral structure and forming the very image of the Bam fortress, which we still often see in advertising photographs of Iranian travel agencies.

There were no awnings on the territory of Arg e Bam, and we spent several hours under the scorching sun, walked past dilapidated buildings reinforced with piles, assessed the progress of restoration work and climbed what was left of the observation tower, which offered a good view of the city.

And only dates are eternal

Standing at the highest point of the citadel, where there once was an observation tower, I looked around the ruined buildings and the famous date gardens of Bam. They were not affected by the earthquake and, just like many years ago, extended for tens of kilometers around the city.

We left the "Arg e Bam" and went into one of the gardens, which was not even surrounded by a fence.

Among the trees, we quickly found the owner with the children. To harvest, he climbed a tree and shook bundles of dates, while the children held the cloth in the air to collect falling fruits into it. I picked up a date and asked: “Khorma e khu b e? ” (good date? ). The owner of the garden came down from the tree, treated me to a handful of dates and asked Ali to translate:

- He says that this is a good date, but not of the best quality, such a crop cannot be exported. Tomorrow morning he will go to collect dates of the best quality in his garden outside the city and invites us to come with him.

The next morning we woke up very late and decided to get to the date gardens on our own. After asking local residents, we came to the conclusion that it is best to go to the city of Baravat, which is located a few kilometers from Bam. From the very beginning, I decided to hitchhike, and this made Ali and his friend very nervous.

“We are Iranians, they won’t take us for free, ” they repeated, but contrary to their stereotypes, I easily convinced the driver to give the three of us a lift to the neighboring city, from where we drove to the gardens by taxi.

- Chegha dr mishe? (how much does it cost) - I asked the taxi driver the fare.


- Gha beli nadar e (it costs nothing), - the taxi driver answered.

“It’s taarof, ” Ali explained to me, “He says he doesn’t have to pay, but he actually does it out of courtesy, and, of course, expects to pay the fare.

However, the amount turned out to be symbolic, only five hundred volumes from each.

“Bagh e horma (date garden), ” the taxi driver said and stopped the car. We went out into a street with many lanes, where date palms grew behind high clay fences.

The entrance door to the nearest garden was open, and we went inside, finding ourselves in the shade of the dense crowns of tall palm trees, from each of which sheaves of dates hung, oranges grew in the neighborhood, and although they were still green, they were already sweet and edible. We were met by the owner of the garden, a young man in wide trousers, such as are worn in Pakistan.

I said that I had come to Bam for the sake of dates and that I really wanted to climb a palm tree. In response, the owner demonstrated his skill in climbing a tree - he immediately climbed onto a tall palm tree, onto its very branches, and began to jump and shake it, so that dates rained down on us. After which he went down and helped to collect the fruits, and also explained how to distinguish them by quality:

- For the best dates, the peel should be very close to the pulp and be so thin that you don’t even feel it, we send such dates for export.


In order to climb a palm tree on their own, beginners must use a rope as an insurance, girdling it around the tree so as not to break loose and fall. The Iranian noticed that he did not have a rope, since he had been climbing trees for a long time, so I had to be without insurance. For training, I first tried to climb low trees, it turned out to be not difficult at all - there were large ledges on the edges of the palm tree trunk, which you can easily stand on with your feet, you just had to stick with your hands. Before leaving, I climbed a three-meter tree, took a few photos, picked a handful of dates and ate them there. That time, strong thirst saved me from date gluttony - the two-liter bottle of water that I took with me was already over, and it was extremely difficult to eat a lot of dates dry, so we returned home.

But as soon as I was at the bazaar, I immediately bought myself a pack of dates, on which it was written in capital letters: “khorma ye Bam, export” (dates from Bam, export). Small half-kilogram packs cost about $3, the fruits in them are neatly laid out in a row, not crushed and always fresh, as they are stored in refrigerators. Dates can also be bought in metal and plastic buckets and kegs, where they will be pressed into a paste, but the price will be several times cheaper, as well as by weight for $2-4/kg. The market also sold products made from dates: oil, honey, marmalade, syrup and sauce. In addition to the dates themselves, you can buy "ratta b" - unripe dates. On the palate, they are firm and slightly astringent fruits, ranging in color from yellow to bright red. They are also eaten on their own with milk or yogurt. The purchase looks very impressive in the form of a large branch with bunches of ratta ba.

There are four stages of ripening dates (the names are borrowed from Arabic): kimri (unripe), khlal (the size of a ripe date, crispy to taste), rutab (ripe, soft), tamr (harvested and dried in the sun). In Islamic countries, traditionally after sunset in Ramadan, dates are served with yogurt or milk as the first course.

In Bam, Kerman province in Iran, the variety "Mozafati" or "Dates from Bam" is grown, such dates have a good taste and can be stored for a long time (up to two years at a temperature of -5C). Dates make up 10% of the total crop in Iran, about a third of them are exported.

How much is opium for the people

At nine o'clock in the evening we arrived at the student hostel. Due to the fact that it was going to be repaired, all the students had already left, and the gas was turned off, we were not able to cook dinner. After a bite of canned food, I invited my friend Farhad to take a walk and buy something for dessert.

- Az belarus, - Farhad answered and turned to me, - A passer-by asks why you eat dates here, they are already dried up and not tasty.


I realized that some Iranian noticed me and came up to get acquainted, but since by this time I had climbed high on a palm tree, I was very busy - holding the tree with one hand, with the other I tried to collect dates in a bag.

- There are almost no dates left for us here, - I shouted from the tree, - Palm trees are very low, and people have already chosen all the most delicious. Tell him I'm busy and can't come down to meet him. I want to eat! Man gorosne am! (I am hungry).

“The passer-by says that he invites us to his home, delicious dates grow in his garden, ” Farhad translated.

I jumped down from the tree, in front of me stood a young man in white clothes and wide trousers, his name was Omid d. We followed him and in a few minutes we were at his house.

Behind a high fence stood a large one-story mansion, and date palms grew in the garden.

Our new acquaintance quickly went into the house and soon returned with a teapot and cakes, while we settled down on the carpet in the yard. Taking my bag of dates, which I had picked in the square, Omid shook them out on the ground and said, “In khorma khub nist” (these are bad dates), then he climbed a palm tree near the house and began to collect dates for us. When he returned, he offered us a whole package of delicious fruits with hot tea.

“I sold one of my date gardens and bought this house, ” said Omid, “because I knew its owner well, he planted these palm trees about twenty years ago.

“Sabr horse! ”(wait), he suddenly added and went home again, and when he returned, he was holding a massive bronze plate in his hands, on which coals were smoking.

It was an intricately crafted dish, decorated with many legs in the form of bulls, standing with two hooves on the ground and reaching up with their heads, the horns and profile of which resembled the monuments of Persepolis. “Since coals have already appeared, then we will smoke a hookah, ” I thought, and asked again: “Ghalyu n? (hookah)".


- On the! (no), - the owner answered, taking out a bar of dark brown color from the fabric. He also brought a strangely shaped object, one end of which looked like a large bronze ball, and the other ended in a long tube through which one could breathe and also use it as a pen. My friend Farhad watched his actions with displeasure.

- Alex, this is not a hookah, this is a vafur - a pipe to smoke "tarja k". I don't know how to translate this into English.

- Is it natural? Can it be smoked? I asked.

- Yes, it is natural, it is collected from plants. Just don't smoke it, "tarja k" is a very bad thing, it's a drug.

Following the advice of Farhad, I decided not to smoke, but just to keep up the conversation, enjoying tea and dates.

- Do you see a small hole on the vafur? - the Iranian pointed to a hole as thin as a needle on the bronze ball of the pipe, - Tarja can not be heated on an open fire, so I first put the vafur in the coals, heat it, and only then smoke.

With special scissors, he separated a small sticky piece from the brown mass and applied it to the hole in the bronze ball. Then he took a piece of coal with tongs, brought it a short distance from the vafur and exhaled several times through the pipe, so that the air coming out of the hole fell on the coal, making it red-hot. From the heat, the brown substance around the hole began to melt and drip into the tube, then Omid took several deep breaths and exhaled smoke white as steam.

- One mezcal (a measure of 4.6 gr.

) costs $4 in Iran, and $2 in Afghanistan and Pakistan, ” he said thoughtfully.

- And how much does it weigh? I asked, pointing to the bar.


Omid shrugged his shoulders and went off somewhere. For a while we were alone, and now I regretted that I had not taken my camera with me - I really wanted to take a picture of the coal plate and the vafur. The owner returned with an electronic scale and, placing a brown bar on it, showed that his weight was about half a kilogram. I thought that after all, it would not be worth taking pictures of anything: special scissors and tongs, burning coals, vafur, tarja k and scales - all this was too dangerous to keep such photographs with you and not be afraid to get because of them Problems. The Iranian inhaled and smoked several times, and then continued the conversation in Farsi, his speech was translated by my friend.

- I went to Afghanistan several times without documents, dressed in the clothes that the locals wear, learned the local language and even grew a beard so as not to attract attention and bring taria to Iran.

“I also want to go to Afghanistan, ” I replied, “but I'm afraid that it's not safe for tourists there. Maybe I also need to grow a beard and somehow dress in a special way so as not to look like a foreigner?

“It doesn’t matter how you dress and whether you grow a beard, you can always tell by the color of your skin that you are not local, ” said the Iranian, dismantled the pipe and shook out the black coals, “this is also tarjak, and you can smoke it, but it is much stronger than natural, and costs about $5.

- Wow, it turns out that you can buy for $4, smoke and sell for $5?

- That's right, only the most heavy smokers use it, for whom the usual tarja k no longer works. I don't smoke it, but I collect it and then sell it.

The government announced that due to the fact that many were traveling to visit relatives in their own cars, even Red Cross vehicles with water and food could not pass on the roads due to traffic jams for a long time. Therefore, we arrived in Bam much later and found our brother's wife near our ruined house, who did not stop crying. She said that her brother was alive, but he had gone to help the neighbors. From what was going on around, we ourselves experienced a strong shock and for a long time could not believe her, and my mother continued to sob and ask all the time: “Where is my son, tell me, where is he? ". And so it continued until the brother returned, he helped the neighbors at that time. It was terrible. Hundreds of bodies were piled right on the street along the road in rows, I will never forget this terrible sight. Many people in Bam lost everything after the earthquake: their homes, their families, their relatives and friends…


According to official figures, the devastating earthquake claimed the lives of more than 26 thousand citizens in one day, apparently, then it was then that many became addicted to drugs.

- Did your relatives also suffer during the earthquake? I turned to the Iranian.

- Zelze le? (earthquake), - Omid asked thoughtfully, - bravad ram, khahar ram ...ziya d ...(brother, sister, many ... ), - and again plunged into his thoughts, and then began to talk about something. Farhad stopped translating and said:

- Now he says something, but sometimes I stop understanding him, probably, this tarjak is acting. He is a very bad person, he says that he illegally brought tarjak to Iran, and that if I want to buy, I can contact him. You don't know how dangerous tarjak is, but I saw it with my own eyes. Because of this, my brother became a drug addict, he did not tell anyone anything for a long time, and we did not suspect.

Then he began to take money, valuables and things out of the house in order to sell them and buy more tarjak, his wife left him. We found a doctor for him, but it was too late, we never managed to cure him completely. Let's get out of here Alex, I'm tired and I don't want to be here anymore, I don't argue, this person can be a good host and invite you to visit, and he will treat you well, but he sells tarjak, and he is a very bad person.

We thanked the owner for his hospitality and left his house. It was early five in the morning, so we spent about four hours talking. Returning to the hotel, I immediately looked into the dictionary and found out that in translation from Farsi "tarya k" means "opium".

Reference. The first mention of opium dates back to 3400 BC. e. The tablets found in the Sumerian city of Nippur in Mesopotamia described the process of collecting opium juice in the morning and making opium from it.

The immature pods of the opium poppy are cut open after the leaves fall off, and a white resinous substance flows out of them, which gradually hardens and turns brown - this is opium. Treatment of opiomania is the most difficult, and the percentage of cured drug addicts is the lowest.


Note. The importation of drugs into Iran is punishable by death, and the use of drugs by long-term imprisonment. All names in the story are fictitious. The author was an outside observer and did not violate the law.

Author: Kozlovsky Alexander.

Book: "Unforgettable Iran". 159 days hitchhiking.

Source: http://sanyok-belarus. people. en/

Translated automatically from Russian. View original
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