Funny. Just HA! and only... Sukhum 2015
In Sukhum, since Stalin's times, there has been a branch of the Moscow Institute of Kurchatov called SFTI. Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology, formerly a closed institution cat. financed by Moscow. Now in ruins, the windows are broken but guarded by a policeman.
It is separated from the noisy highway by a beautiful park with exotic shrubs and trees.
At the entrance there is a stand with the name (see photo)
where the phrase "Abkhazian Academy of Sciences" appears, it is precisely these words that make me smile with an involuntary exhalation HA! and the urge to laugh for a long time. Well, I can’t imagine the current semi-literate loud-mouthed Abkhaz as an academician (I can’t drink so much). FUNNY! Well, just HA! And only. . .
Background:
1) Immediately after the end of World War II, hundreds of German scientists who worked in the Third Reich on a uranium project were brought to the USSR. In total, according to some reports, 7.000 German specialists were involved in the implementation of the atomic project in the USSR, of which about 300 people worked in Sukhumi, where in 1945, in accordance with the Decree of the State Defense Committee, two secret facilities were created[2]. In 1945, the sanatoriums "Sinop" and "Agudzery", located in Abkhazia, were transferred to the disposal of German physicists. "Sinop" was referred to in the documents as Object "A", headed by Baron Manfred von Ardenne, and "Agudzery" was referred to as object "G", it was headed by the Nobel Prize winner in physics Gustav Ludwig Hertz. This was the beginning of the Sukhum Institute of Physics and Technology, which was then part of the system of top-secret institutions working on the project to create an atomic bomb in the USSR.
After the organizational unification of these objects, they were given the mailbox number 0908. About 200 German scientists and specialists worked at the two sites of Sinop and Agudzery. The institute was strictly classified. Both sites were guarded by the military. Both departments "A" and "G" were managed from Sinop (Sukhumi), where the director of the enterprise was located, mailbox 0908. In 1951, General Kochlavashvili was the director of the SFTI, and in 1951-1954. – V. V. Migulin. Both sites were located on lands that before the revolution belonged to the Kostroma landowner and timber merchant Smitsky. Rare plants brought from abroad were planted on these lands and an arboretum was set up. In this arboretum there was also a state dacha, where statesmen of the USSR rested.
Of the most famous German scientists in Sinop, along with von Ardenne and Gustav Hertz, Max Vollmer, Max Steenbeck, Peter Adolf Thyssen, Werner Schü tze, Nikolaus Riehl and others lived and worked.
In the early years, the institute was engaged in the research and development of methods for isotope separation and the creation of equipment for measuring isotope concentrations. In 1952, a significant part of the results of the work carried out was transferred for final completion to other institutes and design bureaus of the country with their subsequent introduction into industry.
2) Since the 1950s, various areas of nuclear science and technology have been actively developed at the institute, the number of employees reached 6 thousand. Until 1989, the Institute was part of the Ministry of Medium Machine Building of the USSR, and from 1989 to 1992, it was part of the Ministry of Atomic Energy and Industry of the USSR.
In 1953, the first cyclotron in the Transcaucasus was put into operation at the SPTI, which made it possible to accelerate deuterons and protons to energies of 10–20 MeV, at an intensity of more than 100 MA, designed to study nuclear reactions and radioactive isotopes in a wide range of nuclear masses. In the same years, the institute created the first Soviet mass spectrograph with a large luminosity and extremely small errors in the ion-optical image, which made it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of measuring the masses of atomic nuclei. This was a major scientific achievement and contributed to the further development of mass-spectral analysis of matter[5].
In 1954-1956 research in the field of plasma physics was developed at the Institute. In the 1960s, an intensive direction of research into plasma physics in pulsed discharges and methods for creating coaxial accelerators was formed at the Institute.
In the 1960s-1980s, the main activities of the institute were: plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear fusion; thermoelectric conversions; applied radiophysics, radiation detection, mass spectrography .
SFTI has been involved in advanced research in the field of nuclear technology. In particular, the Institute participated in the creation of the world's first 500-watt thermoelectric plant "Romashka" launched in 1964, capable of directly converting the thermal energy of a nuclear reactor into electrical energy. A further development of these works was the creation of a two-stage space thermoelectric generator with a reactor heat source - BUK.
In 1981, for success in the development of science and technology, the SPTI was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor[
3) With the collapse of the USSR, the institute experienced great difficulties in carrying out scientific research. In 1992, an armed conflict broke out in Abkhazia. Many employees left Sukhumi. Some of the former employees organized a subsidiary institute in Tbilisi with the same name.
At present, on the basis of the Sukhum Institute of Physics and Technology, the Hydrophysical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Abkhazia (GIANA), the State Research and Production Enterprise "Kasatka", the State Enterprise "Radio Engineering-Electronics-Automatics" (ERA) and some other organizations, the State Research and Production association "Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology" which is located in the city of Sukhum, Abkhazia. .jpg" />
