The Poltava victory is one of the great events in Russian and world history. In 1909, on the battlefield in a small building built near the Mass Grave of Russian soldiers, the first museum of the Battle of Poltava was created. The treasury released only 5 thousand rubles of money, the exposition was created mainly on donations from people "in different parts of the Russian land who sympathize with the implementation of this museum."
The Museum of the History of the Battle of Poltava was opened on June 26, 1909 on the eve of the 200th anniversary of the battle. The creator of the museum and its first director was a well-known historian and local historian, teacher of the history of the Petrovsky Poltava Cadet Corps, real state councilor, lieutenant colonel Ivan Frantsevich Pavlovsky. The museum collected more than 300 exhibits, including cold and firearms, portraits, engravings, regimental flags and samples of military uniforms, which came from the Artillery Museum of St. Petersburg, museums in Moscow, the Stockholm Royal Archives and the General Staff, individual individuals in Poltava and county towns of the Poltava province. Initially, the museum was located in a small building built for it inside the fence of the Church of St. Sampson.
During the civil war in Ukraine of 1917–1918, the Museum of the History of the Battle of Poltava was repeatedly robbed. Among the stolen exhibits: weapons, paintings, silver and bronze items. In 1918, the remains of the museum's exposition were transferred by I.F. Pavlovsky for storage to the Central Proletarian Museum of Poltava Region (now the Poltava Regional Museum of Local Lore).
In 1949, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to recreate the Museum of the History of the Battle of Poltava. As a place for the new museum, the building of the former home for the invalids of the Russian-Turkish war, built at the end of the 19th century, was chosen. On September 23, 1950, the grand opening of the museum took place on the field of the Poltava battle. Its exposition was located in a building built at the beginning of the century with an enfilade arrangement of rooms. Many museums in Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, Lvov and other cities of the USSR donated their exhibits here. From the end of the 90s of the XX century. The museum began cooperation with two Swedish societies: the Kalolin Society and the Military History Society. The museum was given a lot of gifts, including paintings, edged weapons, copies of unique documents, photographs, etc. Every year the museum receives thousands of visitors who come here to get acquainted with the history of the Northern War (1700-1721) and its decisive battle - the Battle of Poltava (06/27/1709).
The museum stores more than eight thousand exhibits, many of which are unique. Eight halls contain works of art, weapons, orders, medals, uniforms and equipment of the Russian and Swedish armies, numerous documents, personal belongings of Peter the Great and his associates, banners, historical relics. A sounded diorama of the Poltava battle was installed, made by the artists of the N. Grekov studio.

The museum is located 9 kilometers from the city center, in the suburbs of Yakovtsy, on the street. Swedish Grave No. 34. Accepts visitors from 10 to 18 hours. Day off is Monday.