Armenian Cathedral
Armenian Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Ukraine, Lviv
The Armenian Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a monument of history and culture in Lviv. Located on st. Armenian, 7-13.
The ensemble of the Armenian church is located on the territory of historical Lviv, in the part where the Armenians settled. The cathedral is the architectural center of the complex, around which the rest of the buildings are grouped, forming three small enclosed courtyards.
The construction of the cathedral began in 1363. One of the most ancient monuments of Lviv, built by the architect Doring (Dore, Dorko) at the expense of the Armenian merchants Yakov from Kafa (Feodosia) and Panos from Gaytsarats. Many researchers suggest that Armenian craftsmen took part in the construction, since the monument has many similarities with the cathedral in Ani.
In Soviet times, the Armenian Cathedral was closed due to the liquidation of the Lviv Armenian Catholic Archbishopric. In the cathedral, at first, the storage of the Lviv Art Gallery was arranged, and since 1953 - the storage of the Lviv Museum named after V. I. Lenin. In January 2000, the temple was returned to the community of the Armenian Apostolic Church. On January 6, 2001, the first divine service after a long break took place in the Armenian Cathedral.
The ensemble of the Armenian Cathedral is a unique monument of Armenian medieval architecture in Ukraine. The ensemble of the temple includes several more architectural masterpieces:
• a bell tower over the entrance to the courtyard, which was built by the architect Pyotr Krasovsky in 1571; returned to the Armenian community by the decision of the Lviv City Council in December 2000.
• a decorative column with a figure of St. Christopher (1726), which stands in the courtyard;
• the building of the former Armenian bank (XVІІ century);
• the palace of the Armenian archbishops (XVІІ-XVІІІ centuries, currently does not belong to the Armenian community);
• the building of the former monastery of the Armenian Benedictines (XVІІ century).
The monastery courtyard at the northern wall of the cathedral on the opposite side limits the building of the Armenian Benedictine monastery, built in 1682. In front of it in 1881, a statue by G. Dykas was placed. The gallery, modeled on Italian loggias, serves as a transition from the monastery to the cathedral, its lower tier is open, arched, the upper one is closed. Two reliefs (16th - early 17th century) made of local limestone are embedded in the wall. The eastern courtyard is connected with the monastery baroque gate (1671). It is called Christopher's, and in the center of it rises the memorial column of St. Christopher (XVIII century). On all sides, the courtyard is closed by the buildings of the former Armenian bank (XVII century), the archbishop's palace (end of the XVIII century), the bell tower (XVI-XVIII centuries), the apses of the cathedral. A through passage connects the eastern courtyard with the street. Lesya Ukrainka. On the arch of the gate, the date “1779” is the time of the restoration of buildings after the fire of 1773. The southern courtyard is connected to the eastern gate with a baroque pediment (1877), separated from the street by an Armenian fence with a metal lattice. In the niche of the fence from the street there is a statue with the date "1664" - a typical example of Lviv sculpture of the second half of the 17th century, according to some researchers, it belongs to the chisel of the Lviv master Melchior Erlemberg. An open arcade-gallery, built in 1437, stretches along the southern wall of the cathedral. A wooden high relief “Golgotha” (XVIII century) is installed near the blank wall of the house.
The spacious middle part of the cathedral underwent significant changes after the reconstruction of 1908-1927. In drawing the new wooden ceiling, the architect F. Movchinsky used modernized Armenian and oriental motifs, and the artist J. Rosen created pictures full of metaphysical content and ornamental paintings of walls and stained-glass windows. J. Rosen followed the path of synthesizing the Armenian-Byzantine tradition with the Western European trends of contemporary art in the form of combining expressive means of expression with late secession stylization. The artist was especially successful, according to contemporaries, "The Last Supper", "Crucifixion" and "The Burial of Saint Odilon".
On May 18, 2003, the cathedral was consecrated by Patriarch-Catholicos of All Armenians Garegin II. After the head of the Lviv Regional State Administration handed over the keys to the church to the Armenian Archbishop Grigoris, Catholicos Garegin II performed the rite of “opening the door” and consecrated the cathedral. Speaker of the Armenian Parliament Armen Khachatryan, President of the Union of Armenians of Ukraine Nver Mkhitaryan, French singer of Armenian origin Charles Aznavour with his son, Russian actor Armen Dzhigarkhanyan, Armenian Ambassador to Ukraine and Armenian Ambassador to France, Archbishop of the UOC (MP) Augustin (Markevich), attended the celebrations. head of the Ukrainian State Committee for Religious Affairs, as well as the ex-president of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk.