Askold's grave and the church of St. Nicholas
Church of St. Nicholas on Askold's GraveUkraine, Kyiv
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Askold's grave and the church of St. Nicholas
Church of St. Nicholas on Askold's GraveUkraine, Kyiv
Askold's grave.
Askold's grave is a place on the right bank of the Dnieper in Kyiv, where, according to legend, Prince Askold was buried. Now it is part of the park complex, broken in 1934-1936 on the site of the ancient Ugric tract.
From the time of Princess Olga and until the beginning of the 19th century, a constantly renewed wooden church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker stood over the grave of Prince Askold. In 1809-1810, according to the project of the architect A.I. Melensky, a stone rotunda church was erected on this site. In 1935 the church was turned into a park pavilion. Above it, according to the project of the architect P. G. Yurchenko, a colonnade was built on, dismantled during the restoration of the church in 1998.
Since 1786, there was a cemetery around Askold's grave, where the burial places of many eminent Kievans were located. Pilots P. N. Nesterov and E. N. Kruten, the first Russian aces, were buried in this cemetery (their graves were moved). The official decision to destroy the cemetery, which interfered with the creation of the park, was made in 1935.
During the occupation, there was a German cemetery on Askold's grave, which was liquidated after the liberation of Kyiv in 1944. After 1945, Askold's grave became one of the burial places for soldiers and officers who died during the liberation of Kyiv from the German invaders. In 1957, their ashes were transferred to the Park of Eternal Glory.
A wooden cross has been erected in the park, reminiscent of the fact that in 1918 Ukrainian patriotic youths who fell in battle with the Bolsheviks near the Kruty station were buried in the cemetery. A memorial sign was placed nearby (architect J. Vig, 1997), dedicated to the stay here at the end of the 9th century, reflected in the annals. Ugrians (Hungarians) on the way from the Volga region to the territory of modern Hungary.
The ancient church of St. Nicholas was built no later than the 10th century by a certain Olma next to his yard, over the grave of Prince Askold in the Hungarian tract, which has been called Askold's grave since the 18th century. The church received its name for the name that Askold took at baptism in 867 - Nikolai. For a certain time, the idea was widespread that Princess Olga was involved in the construction of the church, and, therefore, the church is the oldest in Russia. This theory arose, most likely due to the mistake of the scribe, who, at one time, instead of "Olm" wrote "Olga". However, some researchers and authors adhere to the opposite version. The most daring defend the fantastic assertion that the founder of the Olma Orthodox Church is the pagan Olmosh (Almosh), the leader of the Hungarians who passed by Kyiv at the end of the 9th century.
In 971, the church of St. Nicholas was destroyed by Olga's son, Svyatoslav, whose reign is associated with a cruel pagan reaction, the persecution of Christians and the destruction of churches. Only in 990 Prince Vladimir again built a wooden temple here. In 1036, a nunnery was founded at the church, in which one of the founders of the Kiev-Pechersk monastery, St. Theodosius, lived out his years. He was kept either on Askold's grave itself, or on an elevation above it. There is a translation associated with an event that occurred in 1113 in the life of the Grand Duke of Kiev Mstislav Vladimirovich, son of Monomakh. Returning late at times from hunting, he wandered into a dense forest that covered the area of u200bu200bmodern Pechersk. Looking for a way out of it, the prince suddenly saw a bright light, which was emitted by the image of St. Nicholas, who was kept on a high stump, just near the same road. In memory of such a wonderful performance, in 1115 he established a monastery at the Nicholas Church on Askold's grave (whether he turned it from the female one noted above) (whether he resumed it after its destruction in 1096 by the Polovtsians). After some time, at the site of the adventure that happened to Mstislav, a pillar-like chapel (slup) appeared with the image of St. Nicholas, which indicated the direction of movement to the monastery on Askold's grave.
In 1147, Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky attributed the monastery to the Kiev-Pechersk monastery. Resumed after the destruction caused in 1240 by the Tatar-Mongols of Batu Khan, the monastery was again plundered by the Tatars in the 15th century.
The oldest image of the church of St. Nicholas - wooden, with three baths - was found on the plan of Kalnofoysky. At the end of the 16th century, the monastery was a Uniate for a certain time. Under Metropolitan Petro Mohyla of Kiev, she received from the Ukrainian hetmans a number of universals and letters of ownership. One of them, namely Ivan Mazepa, during the years 1690-1696, built with his own funds on the mountain above the Nicholas Church, according to the project of the architect Iosif Startsev, a large stone 5-bath cathedral, which became the cathedral church of the monastery. Most of the brethren from the territory on Askold's grave moved to the cells around it, and under the mountain there was a monastery cemetery with a wooden Nikolaev church, which turned from the main one into an attached cemetery.
After the establishment of the Soviet regime, the church was closed, but in 1921-34 it still acted as a parish of the UAOC. In 1934, the church was completely closed, and the cemetery was destroyed in order to build an amusement park. In 1936, the church was rebuilt as a restaurant, and in 1938, the architect Pyotr Yurchenko quite ingeniously converted the former temple into a park pavilion, building a through Ionian colonnade instead of a bathhouse. At the same time, the bell tower of the beginning of the 20th century, the rector's house and the fence of the 60s were also demolished. XIX Art.
In this form, the church lasted until the last restoration in 1997 - 98 years (architect Vladimir Khromchenkov), when the original appearance of the structure was restored. On April 26, 1992, the temple was transferred to the religious community of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. In the basement, there is also a church in the name of St. Sylvester the Pope. The consecration of the renewed St. Nicholas Church was carried out on May 22, 1998 by the then Right Reverend Exarch of the Kiev-Vyshgorod UGCC Lubomyr Huzar.
The Church of St. Nicholas on Askold's Grave was also famous for being the first church visited by Pope Ivan Paul II during his apostolic visit to Ukraine in the summer of 2001.
Askold's grave is a place on the right bank of the Dnieper in Kyiv, where, according to legend, Prince Askold was buried. Now it is part of the park complex, broken in 1934-1936 on the site of the ancient Ugric tract.
From the time of Princess Olga and until the beginning of the 19th century, a constantly renewed wooden church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker stood over the grave of Prince Askold. In 1809-1810, according to the project of the architect A.I. Melensky, a stone rotunda church was erected on this site. In 1935 the church was turned into a park pavilion. Above it, according to the project of the architect P. G. Yurchenko, a colonnade was built on, dismantled during the restoration of the church in 1998.
Since 1786, there was a cemetery around Askold's grave, where the burial places of many eminent Kievans were located. Pilots P. N. Nesterov and E. N. Kruten, the first Russian aces, were buried in this cemetery (their graves were moved). The official decision to destroy the cemetery, which interfered with the creation of the park, was made in 1935.
During the occupation, there was a German cemetery on Askold's grave, which was liquidated after the liberation of Kyiv in 1944. After 1945, Askold's grave became one of the burial places for soldiers and officers who died during the liberation of Kyiv from the German invaders. In 1957, their ashes were transferred to the Park of Eternal Glory.
A wooden cross has been erected in the park, reminiscent of the fact that in 1918 Ukrainian patriotic youths who fell in battle with the Bolsheviks near the Kruty station were buried in the cemetery. A memorial sign was placed nearby (architect J. Vig, 1997), dedicated to the stay here at the end of the 9th century, reflected in the annals. Ugrians (Hungarians) on the way from the Volga region to the territory of modern Hungary.
The ancient church of St. Nicholas was built no later than the 10th century by a certain Olma next to his yard, over the grave of Prince Askold in the Hungarian tract, which has been called Askold's grave since the 18th century. The church received its name for the name that Askold took at baptism in 867 - Nikolai. For a certain time, the idea was widespread that Princess Olga was involved in the construction of the church, and, therefore, the church is the oldest in Russia. This theory arose, most likely due to the mistake of the scribe, who, at one time, instead of "Olm" wrote "Olga". However, some researchers and authors adhere to the opposite version. The most daring defend the fantastic assertion that the founder of the Olma Orthodox Church is the pagan Olmosh (Almosh), the leader of the Hungarians who passed by Kyiv at the end of the 9th century.
In 971, the church of St. Nicholas was destroyed by Olga's son, Svyatoslav, whose reign is associated with a cruel pagan reaction, the persecution of Christians and the destruction of churches. Only in 990 Prince Vladimir again built a wooden temple here. In 1036, a nunnery was founded at the church, in which one of the founders of the Kiev-Pechersk monastery, St. Theodosius, lived out his years. He was kept either on Askold's grave itself, or on an elevation above it. There is a translation associated with an event that occurred in 1113 in the life of the Grand Duke of Kiev Mstislav Vladimirovich, son of Monomakh. Returning late at times from hunting, he wandered into a dense forest that covered the area of u200bu200bmodern Pechersk. Looking for a way out of it, the prince suddenly saw a bright light, which was emitted by the image of St. Nicholas, who was kept on a high stump, just near the same road. In memory of such a wonderful performance, in 1115 he established a monastery at the Nicholas Church on Askold's grave (whether he turned it from the female one noted above) (whether he resumed it after its destruction in 1096 by the Polovtsians). After some time, at the site of the adventure that happened to Mstislav, a pillar-like chapel (slup) appeared with the image of St. Nicholas, which indicated the direction of movement to the monastery on Askold's grave.
In 1147, Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky attributed the monastery to the Kiev-Pechersk monastery. Resumed after the destruction caused in 1240 by the Tatar-Mongols of Batu Khan, the monastery was again plundered by the Tatars in the 15th century.
The oldest image of the church of St. Nicholas - wooden, with three baths - was found on the plan of Kalnofoysky. At the end of the 16th century, the monastery was a Uniate for a certain time. Under Metropolitan Petro Mohyla of Kiev, she received from the Ukrainian hetmans a number of universals and letters of ownership. One of them, namely Ivan Mazepa, during the years 1690-1696, built with his own funds on the mountain above the Nicholas Church, according to the project of the architect Iosif Startsev, a large stone 5-bath cathedral, which became the cathedral church of the monastery. Most of the brethren from the territory on Askold's grave moved to the cells around it, and under the mountain there was a monastery cemetery with a wooden Nikolaev church, which turned from the main one into an attached cemetery.
After the establishment of the Soviet regime, the church was closed, but in 1921-34 it still acted as a parish of the UAOC. In 1934, the church was completely closed, and the cemetery was destroyed in order to build an amusement park. In 1936, the church was rebuilt as a restaurant, and in 1938, the architect Pyotr Yurchenko quite ingeniously converted the former temple into a park pavilion, building a through Ionian colonnade instead of a bathhouse. At the same time, the bell tower of the beginning of the 20th century, the rector's house and the fence of the 60s were also demolished. XIX Art.
In this form, the church lasted until the last restoration in 1997 - 98 years (architect Vladimir Khromchenkov), when the original appearance of the structure was restored. On April 26, 1992, the temple was transferred to the religious community of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. In the basement, there is also a church in the name of St. Sylvester the Pope. The consecration of the renewed St. Nicholas Church was carried out on May 22, 1998 by the then Right Reverend Exarch of the Kiev-Vyshgorod UGCC Lubomyr Huzar.
The Church of St. Nicholas on Askold's Grave was also famous for being the first church visited by Pope Ivan Paul II during his apostolic visit to Ukraine in the summer of 2001.
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