The Choral Synagogue (Jewish name - Beit Menachem) 1912-1913) is the central synagogue and architectural monument in Kharkov. Architects of the building Ya. G. Gevirts, V. A. Feldman, M. F. Piskunov. Located on Pushkinskaya street, 12.

On the site of the synagogue in a classic mansion of the late XVIII century. in 1867-1910 house of worship was located. The competition for the new synagogue was organized by the Imperial St. Petersburg Society of Architects. The first prize was given to the project of the St. Petersburg architect Ya. G. Gevirts, it was published in the journal "Architect" in 1909. The building was moved deeper into the site for the reason that it was necessary to measure the distance of 100 fathoms (213 m) from the Orthodox Nicholas Church on Constitution Square). The Kharkov architect M. F. Piskunov supervised the construction.

The synagogue was closed in 1923 "at the request of Jewish workers". It housed the "Jewish Working Club named after the Third International", since 1941 - a children's cinema. In 1945, the activities of the Jewish community resumed in the synagogue, but in 1949 it was closed and until the autumn of 1991 the Voluntary Sports Society (VSO) "Spartak" was located in the building.
In 1990 the building was handed over to the city's Jewish community. A rabbi was chosen from Israel, a Jewish library was opened, cultural events were held, repairs were made in the building, and gyms were dismantled. As the Hasidic movement intensified in 1992-1995, a fundamental conflict arose between the Hasidim and the head of the reformist community, Eduard Hodos, which led to the transition of the synagogue under the control of Hasidism. After a fire in 1998, the building was renovated and opened in 2003.

The Kharkiv Choral Synagogue is the largest in Ukraine and the CIS and the second largest in Europe after the one in Budapest. The height of the dome is 42 m, the hall is 30 m, the roof is 25 m, the length of the side facade is 50 m, the total area is 2067 m². The synagogue's scroll vault is 9 m high. The 450 m² hall can accommodate 800-1000 people.

In Kravtsova lane, 15, from the Soviet era to the present, there is a planetarium, the second largest planetarium in Ukraine. Initially, a choral synagogue was supposed to be here, but the building was unfinished for about 15 years. In 1957, the building was completed to organize a planetarium here.