The Archaeological Museum of Alicante was opened in 1932 with the assistance of the President of the Republic, Niceto Alcalá Zamora. The funds were then located on the first floor of the newly built Palace of Deputies. In 2000, the Archaeological Museum was moved to the building of the former Hospital of San Juan, designed by the architect Juan Vidal Ramos in 1929. The premises of the hospital were specially converted for the needs of the museum and equipped with the most modern audiovisual and computer facilities.

The museum funds contain more than 80,000 exhibits of great historical value, which tell step by step about the development of man and civilizations living on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea for 100,000 years:
Room 1. Prehistory, from the Paleolithic to the Bronze Age. Rock art with scenes from everyday life. Tools, tools and ornaments.
Hall 2. Iberian culture. Amphoras, jewelry, coins, sculptures of gods, burial items from the Albufereta and Molar necropolises.
Room 3. Roman period. Household items and weapons from the ancient Roman settlement of Lucentum. An audiovisual show about the everyday life of one of the cities of the Roman Empire.
Hall 4. Middle Ages. Tells about the coexistence of the two civilizations of Islam and Christianity.
Hall 5. Modern history. Collections of furniture, coins and inventions.

There are also temporary exhibitions of funds of famous archaeological museums of the world.
In 2004, thanks to its extraordinary exhibitions and educational program, the museum was declared the Best European Museum.